Technology Stack & Implementation Details

Technical implementation details, dependencies, and architecture patterns used in FlashORM.

Core Stack
Database Drivers & Connection Management
CLI & Configuration
Code Generation
Studio Technologies
Build & Distribution
Performance & Security

Core Stack

Go 1.24.2

Key Features Used:

context - Cancellation and timeouts
embed - Static file embedding (//go:embed)
Interfaces - Database adapter pattern
Goroutines - Concurrent operations
Error wrapping - fmt.Errorf("%w", err)

Primary Dependencies

Package	Version	Purpose
`spf13/cobra`	v1.10.1	CLI framework
`spf13/viper`	v1.21.0	Configuration management
`jackc/pgx/v5`	v5.7.6	PostgreSQL driver
`go-sql-driver/mysql`	v1.9.3	MySQL driver
`mattn/go-sqlite3`	v1.14.32	SQLite driver
`Masterminds/squirrel`	v1.5.4	Query builder
`gofiber/fiber/v2`	v2.52.9	Web framework (Studio)
`fatih/color`	v1.18.0	Terminal colors
`joho/godotenv`	v1.5.1	Environment variables

Database Drivers & Connection Management

PostgreSQL - pgx/v5

Connection Pool Configuration:

config.ConnConfig.DefaultQueryExecMode = pgx.QueryExecModeExec // Supabase/PgBouncer compatibility
config.MaxConns = 2
config.MinConns = 0
config.MaxConnLifetime = 15 * time.Minute
config.MaxConnIdleTime = 3 * time.Minute

Type Mapping:

var typeMap = map[string]string{
    "character varying": "VARCHAR",
    "timestamp with time zone": "TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE",
    "jsonb": "JSONB",
    "uuid": "UUID",
    // ... 20+ mappings
}

Dependencies:

jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0
jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523
jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2
lib/pq v1.10.9 (legacy support)

MySQL - go-sql-driver/mysql

Connection Configuration:

db.SetMaxOpenConns(2)
db.SetMaxIdleConns(0)
db.SetConnMaxLifetime(15 * time.Minute)
db.SetConnMaxIdleTime(3 * time.Minute)

URL Parsing:

// Converts: mysql://user:pass@host:port/db?ssl-mode=REQUIRED
// To: user:pass@tcp(host:port)/db?tls=skip-verify

Dependencies:

filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0

SQLite - mattn/go-sqlite3

Connection Configuration:

db.SetMaxOpenConns(1)  // Single connection for file-based DB
db.SetMaxIdleConns(1)
db.SetConnMaxLifetime(0)
db.SetConnMaxIdleTime(5 * time.Minute)

Query Builder - Squirrel

Usage Example:

// Build complex queries programmatically
query := squirrel.Select("id", "name", "email").
    From("users").
    Where(squirrel.Eq{"is_active": true}).
    OrderBy("created_at DESC").
    Limit(10)

// Generate SQL: SELECT id, name, email FROM users WHERE is_active = ? ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 10
sql, args, err := query.ToSql()

CLI & Configuration

Cobra CLI Framework

Command Structure:

var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
    Use:   "flash",
    Short: "Lightning-Fast Type-Safe ORM",
    Long:  `A powerful, database-agnostic ORM built in Go`,
}

var migrateCmd = &cobra.Command{
    Use:   "migrate [name]",
    Short: "Create a new migration",
    RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
        // Migration logic
        return nil
    },
}

Viper Configuration

Configuration Loading:

viper.SetConfigName("flash")
viper.SetConfigType("json")
viper.AddConfigPath(".")
viper.AddConfigPath("./config")

if err := viper.ReadInConfig(); err != nil {
    // Handle config not found
}

Environment Variable Binding:

viper.BindEnv("database.url", "DATABASE_URL")
viper.BindEnv("database.provider", "DB_PROVIDER")

Code Generation

Template Engine

Custom Template System:

type Generator struct {
    templates *template.Template
}

func (g *Generator) Generate() error {
    tmpl, err := template.New("queries").Parse(`
type Queries struct {
    db DBTX
}

{{range .Queries}}
func (q *Queries) {{.Name}}(ctx context.Context{{range .Params}}, {{.Name}} {{.Type}}{{end}}) ({{.ReturnType}}, error) {
    {{if .IsMany}}
    rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, "{{.SQL}}"{{range .Params}}, {{.Name}}{{end}})
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    defer rows.Close()

    var items []{{.ItemType}}
    for rows.Next() {
        var item {{.ItemType}}
        if err := rows.Scan({{range .Fields}}&item.{{.Name}}, {{end}}); err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }
        items = append(items, item)
    }
    return items, nil
    {{else}}
    row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, "{{.SQL}}"{{range .Params}}, {{.Name}}{{end}})
    var item {{.ItemType}}
    if err := row.Scan({{range .Fields}}&item.{{.Name}}, {{end}}); err != nil {
        if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
            return nil, nil
        }
        return nil, err
    }
    return &item, nil
    {{end}}
}
{{end}}
`)
    // Execute template
}

Type Inference

SQL to Language Type Mapping:

var typeMappings = map[string]map[string]string{
    "go": {
        "serial": "int64",
        "varchar": "string",
        "boolean": "bool",
        "timestamp": "time.Time",
        "jsonb": "[]byte",
    },
    "typescript": {
        "serial": "number",
        "varchar": "string",
        "boolean": "boolean",
        "timestamp": "Date",
        "jsonb": "any",
    },
    "python": {
        "serial": "int",
        "varchar": "str",
        "boolean": "bool",
        "timestamp": "datetime",
        "jsonb": "dict",
    },
}

Studio Technologies

Web Framework - Fiber

High-Performance Web Server:

app := fiber.New(fiber.Config{
    ServerHeader: "FlashORM Studio",
    AppName: "FlashORM Studio v1.0",
    ErrorHandler: func(c *fiber.Ctx, err error) error {
        return c.Status(500).JSON(fiber.Map{
            "error": err.Error(),
        })
    },
})

// API routes
app.Get("/api/tables", getTables)
app.Post("/api/query", executeQuery)

// Static files
app.Static("/", "./web/dist")

Web UI - Vue.js + TypeScript

Frontend Stack:

Vue 3 - Progressive framework
TypeScript - Type safety
Vite - Fast build tool
Tailwind CSS - Utility-first CSS
Monaco Editor - SQL editor

Component Structure:

src/
├── components/
│   ├── TableBrowser.vue
│   ├── QueryRunner.vue
│   ├── DataEditor.vue
│   └── SchemaVisualizer.vue
├── views/
│   ├── Dashboard.vue
│   ├── Tables.vue
│   └── Queries.vue
├── composables/
│   ├── useDatabase.ts
│   └── useQueries.ts
└── types/
    └── database.ts

Build & Distribution

Cross-Platform Builds

Makefile Build System:

makefile

BINARY_NAME=flash
BUILD_DIR=build
LDFLAGS=-s -w -extldflags "-static"

# Development build
dev:
    CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -tags="dev,plugins" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/flash-dev .

# Production build
prod:
    CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -trimpath -o $(BUILD_DIR)/flash .

# Cross-platform builds
build-all: build-linux build-darwin build-windows

build-linux:
    CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/flash-linux-amd64 .
    CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/flash-linux-arm64 .

build-darwin:
    CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=darwin GOARCH=amd64 go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/flash-darwin-amd64 .
    CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=darwin GOARCH=arm64 go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/flash-darwin-arm64 .

build-windows:
    CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build -ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)" -o $(BUILD_DIR)/flash-windows-amd64.exe .

Docker Distribution

Multi-Stage Dockerfile:

dockerfile

# Build stage
FROM golang:1.24-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY go.mod go.sum ./
RUN go mod download
COPY . .
RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -ldflags="-s -w" -o flash .

# Runtime stage
FROM alpine:latest
RUN apk --no-cache add ca-certificates
WORKDIR /root/
COPY --from=builder /app/flash .
CMD ["./flash"]

Package Managers

NPM Package:

json

{
  "name": "flashorm",
  "version": "2.1.11",
  "description": "A powerful, database-agnostic ORM",
  "bin": {
    "flash": "./bin/flash.js"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "postinstall": "node scripts/download.js"
  }
}

Python Package:

toml

[build-system]
requires = ["setuptools>=45", "wheel"]
build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"

[project]
name = "flashorm"
version = "2.1.11"
dependencies = []

Performance & Security

Performance Optimizations

Connection Pooling:

// PostgreSQL
config := pgxpool.ParseConfig(dsn)
config.MaxConns = int32(runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0) * 2)
config.MinConns = 2

// Prepared statement caching
type Queries struct {
    db    DBTX
    stmts map[string]*sql.Stmt
}

func (q *Queries) prepareStmt(ctx context.Context, name, query string) (*sql.Stmt, error) {
    if stmt, exists := q.stmts[name]; exists {
        return stmt, nil
    }
    stmt, err := q.db.PrepareContext(ctx, query)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    q.stmts[name] = stmt
    return stmt, nil
}

Security Measures

SQL Injection Prevention:

// Parameterized queries only
func (q *Queries) GetUserByID(ctx context.Context, id int64) (User, error) {
    const query = `SELECT id, name, email FROM users WHERE id = $1`
    row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, query, id)
    // No string concatenation or formatting
}

Input Validation:

func validateMigrationName(name string) error {
    if len(name) == 0 {
        return errors.New("migration name cannot be empty")
    }
    if len(name) > 255 {
        return errors.New("migration name too long")
    }
    // Check for valid characters
    matched, err := regexp.MatchString(`^[a-zA-Z0-9_\-\s]+$`, name)
    if err != nil || !matched {
        return errors.New("migration name contains invalid characters")
    }
    return nil
}

Memory Management

Streaming Large Result Sets:

func (e *Exporter) ExportLargeTable(ctx context.Context, w io.Writer) error {
    rows, err := e.db.QueryContext(ctx, "SELECT * FROM large_table")
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    defer rows.Close()

    encoder := json.NewEncoder(w)
    for rows.Next() {
        var item LargeStruct
        if err := rows.Scan(&item.Field1, &item.Field2); err != nil {
            return err
        }
        if err := encoder.Encode(item); err != nil {
            return err
        }
    }
    return nil
}

Error Handling

Structured Error Types:

type DatabaseError struct {
    Code       string
    Message    string
    Query      string
    Args       []interface{}
    Underlying error
}

func (e *DatabaseError) Error() string {
    return fmt.Sprintf("database error [%s]: %s", e.Code, e.Message)
}

func (e *DatabaseError) Unwrap() error {
    return e.Underlying
}

This technology stack provides a robust, performant, and maintainable foundation for FlashORM's database-agnostic ORM capabilities.

Technology Stack & Implementation Details ​

Table of Contents ​

Core Stack ​

Go 1.24.2 ​

Primary Dependencies ​

Database Drivers & Connection Management ​

PostgreSQL - pgx/v5 ​

MySQL - go-sql-driver/mysql ​

SQLite - mattn/go-sqlite3 ​

Query Builder - Squirrel ​

CLI & Configuration ​

Cobra CLI Framework ​

Viper Configuration ​

Code Generation ​

Template Engine ​

Type Inference ​

Studio Technologies ​

Web Framework - Fiber ​

Web UI - Vue.js + TypeScript ​

Build & Distribution ​

Cross-Platform Builds ​

Docker Distribution ​

Package Managers ​

Performance & Security ​

Performance Optimizations ​

Security Measures ​

Memory Management ​

Error Handling ​